Journal: Breast cancer research : BCR

Article Title: Gremlin-2 is a novel tumor suppressor that negatively regulates ID1 in breast cancer.

doi: 10.1186/s13058-024-01935-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3 Overexpression of GREM2 inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells. A Each breast cancer cell line was established using a mock or GREM2 ORF plasmid. Expression level of GREM2 was confirmed by qPCR analysis. B Cells were seeded 96-well plates and incubated for 48 h, followed by the cell proliferation assay. C Proteins were isolated from each stable cell line, and lysates were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. D, E Breast cancer cells were seeded in 6-well plates and cultured for 7 to 10 days. Colony formation was analyzed and quantified using crystal violet staining. F, G Cells were seeded in 12-well plates and wounded to monitor the extent of wound healing at specified time points. Scale bar = 200 μm. A, B, E Two-sided t-test. G Two-way ANOVA. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; and ***, p < 0.001. NS: not significant

Article Snippet: Human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-453, SKBR3, and mouse breast cancer cell line MTV/TM-011 cells were originally obtained from Korean Cell Line Bank (Republic of Korea).

Techniques: Over Expression, Plasmid Preparation, Expressing, Incubation, Proliferation Assay, Isolation, Stable Transfection, Cell Culture, Staining

Journal: Breast cancer research : BCR

Article Title: Gremlin-2 is a novel tumor suppressor that negatively regulates ID1 in breast cancer.

doi: 10.1186/s13058-024-01935-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5 GREM2 is involved in regulating the expression of various genes in breast cancer cells. A Venn diagram showing genes differentially expressed in GREM2-overexpressing breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-453-GREM2 and SKBR3-GREM2) compared to control cells (MDA-MB-453-mock and SKBR3-mock). Genes commonly increased (left) or decreased (right) by GREM2 in two breast cancer cell lines were analyzed. B, C GOs for genes up- (B) or downregu lated (C) by GREM2 in breast cancer cells were analyzed using DAVID. BP, biological processes; MF, Molecular Function. D, E Some of the genes up- (D) or downregulated (E) by GREM2 were verified through qPCR analysis. Two-sided t-test. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; and ***, p < 0.001

Article Snippet: Human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-453, SKBR3, and mouse breast cancer cell line MTV/TM-011 cells were originally obtained from Korean Cell Line Bank (Republic of Korea).

Techniques: Expressing, Control

Journal: Breast cancer research : BCR

Article Title: Gremlin-2 is a novel tumor suppressor that negatively regulates ID1 in breast cancer.

doi: 10.1186/s13058-024-01935-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6 Specific GO pathways showing positive or negative correlation with GREM2 in breast cancer patient tissues overlap with cell line-derived RNA-seq results. A Schematic of the filtering pipeline for genes showing positive or negative correlation with GREM2 in invasive breast carcinoma patients. B, C GOs for genes showing positive- (B) or negative correlation (C) with GREM2 in breast cancer patients were analyzed using DAVID. D GO pathways that were commonly positively or negatively correlated with GREM2 in both breast cancer cell lines and invasive breast cancer patient tissues were analyzed

Article Snippet: Human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-453, SKBR3, and mouse breast cancer cell line MTV/TM-011 cells were originally obtained from Korean Cell Line Bank (Republic of Korea).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, RNA Sequencing

Journal: Breast cancer research : BCR

Article Title: Gremlin-2 is a novel tumor suppressor that negatively regulates ID1 in breast cancer.

doi: 10.1186/s13058-024-01935-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7 GREM2 inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells through negative regulation of BMP2-ID1. A The mRNA expression level of ID1 was analyzed through qPCR in each cell line. B The correlation between GREM2 and ID1 in GTEx human breast tissue database was investigated by using GEPIA. Cor relation analysis was conducted using Spearman rank test. C Breast cancer cells overexpressing GREM2 were transfected with mock or BMP2 plasmid, and the mRNA expression level of ID1 was analyzed through qPCR. D Breast cancer cells overexpressing GREM2 were treated with or without MSAB (10 µM) for 24 h. RNA was isolated from each cell line and the mRNA expression level of ID1 was analyzed through qPCR. E-G Breast cancer cells overexpressing GREM2 were transfected with mock, BMP2, or ID1 plasmids, and then proliferation (E) or migration (F, G) analysis was performed for each cell line after 72 h. Scale bar = 200 μm. H Schematic diagram showing the proposed molecular mechanism of GREM2 in breast cancer. A Two-sided t-test. C, D, E, G Two-way ANOVA. **, p < 0.01; and ***, p < 0.001. NS: not significant

Article Snippet: Human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-453, SKBR3, and mouse breast cancer cell line MTV/TM-011 cells were originally obtained from Korean Cell Line Bank (Republic of Korea).

Techniques: Expressing, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Isolation, Migration